vshost-util-vserver

Build script and sources for util-vserver.
git clone https://ccx.te2000.cz/git/vshost-util-vserver
Log | Files | Refs

vserver-info.c (16465B)


      1 // $Id$    --*- c -*--
      2 
      3 // Copyright (C) 2003 Enrico Scholz <enrico.scholz@informatik.tu-chemnitz.de>
      4 //  
      5 // This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
      6 // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
      7 // the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
      8 //  
      9 // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
     10 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
     11 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
     12 // GNU General Public License for more details.
     13 //  
     14 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
     15 // along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
     16 // Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
     17 
     18 
     19 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
     20 #  include <config.h>
     21 #endif
     22 
     23 #include "lib/utils-legacy.h"
     24 #include "pathconfig.h"
     25 #include "util.h"
     26 
     27 #include "internal.h"
     28 #include "vserver.h"
     29 
     30 #include <stdlib.h>
     31 #include <getopt.h>
     32 #include <assert.h>
     33 #include <stdbool.h>
     34 #include <fcntl.h>
     35 #include <errno.h>
     36 #include <sys/utsname.h>
     37 #include <dirent.h>
     38 #include <strings.h>
     39 
     40 #define ENSC_WRAPPERS_FCNTL	1
     41 #define ENSC_WRAPPERS_IO	1
     42 #define ENSC_WRAPPERS_UNISTD	1
     43 #define ENSC_WRAPPERS_VSERVER	1
     44 #include <wrappers.h>
     45 
     46 #undef _POSIX_SOURCE
     47 #include "capability-compat.h"
     48 
     49 typedef enum { tgNONE,tgCONTEXT, tgID, tgRUNNING,
     50 	       tgVDIR, tgNAME, tgCFGDIR, tgAPPDIR,
     51 	       tgAPIVER, tgPXID,
     52 	       tgINITPID, tgINITPID_PID,
     53 	       tgXID, tgUTS, tgSYSINFO,
     54 	       tgFEATURE, tgCANONIFY,
     55 	       tgVERIFYCAP, tgXIDTYPE, tgVERIFYPROC,
     56 	       tgNID, tgTAG,
     57 }	VserverTag;
     58 
     59 static struct {
     60     char const * const	tag;
     61     VserverTag const	val;
     62     char const * const	descr;
     63 }  const TAGS[] = {
     64   { "CONTEXT", tgCONTEXT, ("the current and/or assigned context; when an optinal argument "
     65 			   "evaluates to false,only the current context will be printed") },
     66   { "ID",      tgID,      "gives out the vserver-id for the context-xid" },
     67   { "RUNNING", tgRUNNING, "gives out '1' when vserver is running; else, it fails without output" },
     68   { "VDIR",    tgVDIR,    "gives out the root-directory of the vserver" },
     69   { "NAME",    tgNAME,    "gives out the name of the vserver" },
     70   { "CFGDIR",  tgCFGDIR,  "gives out the configuration directory of the vserver" },
     71   { "APPDIR",  tgAPPDIR,  "gives out the name of the toplevel application cfgdir" },
     72   { "INITPID",     tgINITPID,     "gives out the initpid of the given context" },
     73   { "INITPID_PID", tgINITPID_PID, "gives out the initpid of the given pid" },
     74   { "XID",         tgXID,         "gives out the context-id of the given pid" },
     75   { "APIVER",      tgAPIVER,      "gives out the version of the kernel API" },
     76   { "UTS",         tgUTS,         ("gives out an uts-entry; possible entries are "
     77 				   "context, sysname, nodename, release, version, "
     78 				   "machine and domainname") },
     79   { "SYSINFO",     tgSYSINFO,     "gives out information about the systen" },
     80   { "FEATURE",     tgFEATURE,     "returns 0 iff the queried feature is supported" },
     81   { "PXID",        tgPXID,        "returns the xid of the parent context" },
     82   { "CANONIFY",    tgCANONIFY,    "canonifies the vserver-name and removes dangerous characters" },
     83   { "VERIFYCAP",   tgVERIFYCAP,   "test if the kernel supports linux capabilities" },
     84   { "VERIFYPROC",  tgVERIFYPROC,  "test if /proc can be read by contexts!=0" },
     85   { "XIDTYPE",     tgXIDTYPE,     "returns the type of the given XID" },
     86   { "NID",         tgNID,         "outputs the network context-id of the given pid" },
     87   { "TAG",         tgTAG,         "outputs the filesystem tag of the given pid" },
     88 };
     89 
     90 int wrapper_exit_code = 1;
     91 
     92 static struct option const
     93 CMDLINE_OPTIONS[] = {
     94   { "help",     no_argument,  0, 'h' },
     95   { "version",  no_argument,  0, 'v' },
     96   { 0,0,0,0 }
     97 };
     98 
     99 
    100 static void
    101 showHelp(int fd, char const *cmd, int res)
    102 {
    103   WRITE_MSG(fd, "Usage:  ");
    104   WRITE_STR(fd, cmd);
    105   WRITE_MSG(fd,
    106 	    " [-ql] <vserver>|<pid>|<context> <tag>\n"
    107 	    "Please report bugs to " PACKAGE_BUGREPORT "\n");
    108   exit(res);
    109 }
    110 
    111 static void
    112 showVersion()
    113 {
    114   WRITE_MSG(1,
    115 	    "vserver-info " VERSION " -- returns information about vservers\n"
    116 	    "This program is part of " PACKAGE_STRING "\n\n"
    117 	    "Copyright (C) 2003 Enrico Scholz\n"
    118 	    VERSION_COPYRIGHT_DISCLAIMER);
    119   exit(0);
    120 }
    121 
    122 static void
    123 showTags()
    124 {
    125   char const *		delim = "";
    126   size_t	i;
    127 
    128   WRITE_MSG(1, "Valid tags are: ");
    129   for (i=0; i<DIM_OF(TAGS); ++i) {
    130     WRITE_STR(1, delim);
    131     WRITE_STR(1, TAGS[i].tag);
    132 
    133     delim = ", ";
    134   }
    135   WRITE_MSG(1, "\n");
    136   exit(0);
    137 }
    138 
    139 static VserverTag
    140 stringToTag(char const *str)
    141 {
    142   size_t	i;
    143   for (i=0; i<DIM_OF(TAGS); ++i)
    144     if (strcmp(TAGS[i].tag, str)==0) return TAGS[i].val;
    145 
    146   return tgNONE;
    147 }
    148 
    149 static vc_uts_type
    150 utsText2Tag(char const *str)
    151 {
    152   if      (strcmp(str, "context")   ==0) return vcVHI_CONTEXT;
    153   else if (strcmp(str, "sysname")   ==0) return vcVHI_SYSNAME;
    154   else if (strcmp(str, "nodename")  ==0) return vcVHI_NODENAME;
    155   else if (strcmp(str, "release")   ==0) return vcVHI_RELEASE;
    156   else if (strcmp(str, "version")   ==0) return vcVHI_VERSION;
    157   else if (strcmp(str, "machine")   ==0) return vcVHI_MACHINE;
    158   else if (strcmp(str, "domainname")==0) return vcVHI_DOMAINNAME;
    159   else {
    160     WRITE_MSG(2, "Unknown UTS tag\n");
    161     exit(1);
    162   }
    163 }
    164 
    165 static bool
    166 verifyProc()
    167 {
    168   char const		*errptr;
    169   
    170   if (!switchToWatchXid(&errptr)) {
    171     perror(errptr);
    172     return false;
    173   }
    174 
    175   if (access("/proc/uptime", R_OK)==-1) {
    176     if (errno!=ENOENT)
    177       perror("access(\"/proc/uptime\")");
    178     
    179     return false;
    180   }
    181 
    182   return true;
    183 }
    184 
    185 static bool
    186 verifyCap()
    187 {
    188   int retried = 0;
    189   struct __user_cap_header_struct header;
    190   struct __user_cap_data_struct user[2];
    191 
    192   header.version = _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_3;
    193   header.pid     = 0;
    194 
    195   if (getuid()!=0) {
    196     WRITE_MSG(2, "'VERIFYCAP' can be executed as root only\n");
    197     return false;
    198   }
    199 
    200 //  if( prctl( PR_SET_KEEPCAPS, 1,0,0,0 ) < 0 ) {
    201 //    perror( "prctl:" );
    202 //    return false;
    203 //  }
    204 
    205 retry:
    206   if (capget(&header, user)==-1) {
    207     if (!retried &&
    208 	header.version != _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_3) {
    209       header.version = _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_1;
    210       retried = 1;
    211       goto retry;
    212     }
    213     perror("capget()");
    214     return false;
    215   }
    216 
    217   user[0].effective   = user[1].effective   = 0;
    218   user[0].permitted   = user[1].permitted   = 0;
    219   user[0].inheritable = user[1].inheritable = 0;
    220 
    221   if (capset(&header, user)==-1) {
    222     perror("capset()");
    223     return false;
    224   }
    225 
    226   return chroot("/")==-1;
    227 }
    228 
    229 static char *
    230 getAPIVer(char *buf)
    231 {
    232   int		v = vc_get_version();
    233   size_t	l;
    234   
    235   if (v==-1) return 0;
    236 
    237   
    238   l = utilvserver_fmt_xulong(0, (unsigned int)v);
    239   memcpy(buf, "0x00000000", 10);
    240   utilvserver_fmt_xulong(buf+2+8-l, (unsigned int)v);
    241 
    242   return buf;
    243 }
    244 
    245 static char *
    246 getAPIConfig(char *buf)
    247 {
    248   vc_vci_t	v = vc_get_vci();
    249   size_t	l;
    250   
    251   if (v==(vc_vci_t)-1) return 0;
    252 
    253   l = utilvserver_fmt_xuint64(0, (unsigned int)v);
    254   memcpy(buf, "0x0000000000000000", 19);
    255   utilvserver_fmt_xuint64(buf+2+16-l, (unsigned int)v);
    256 
    257   return buf;
    258 }
    259 
    260 static inline char *
    261 getCtxId(char *buf, const char *pid_str, xid_t (*get_id)(pid_t pid), const char *err_str)
    262 {
    263   pid_t		pid = atoi(pid_str);
    264   xid_t		xid = get_id(pid);
    265 
    266   if (xid==VC_NOCTX) perror(err_str);
    267   else {
    268     utilvserver_fmt_long(buf, xid);
    269     return buf;
    270   }
    271 
    272   return 0;
    273 }
    274 
    275 static char *
    276 getXid(char *buf, char const *pid_str)
    277 {
    278   return getCtxId(buf, pid_str, vc_get_task_xid, "vc_get_task_xid()");
    279 }
    280 
    281 static char *
    282 getNid(char *buf, const char *pid_str)
    283 {
    284   return getCtxId(buf, pid_str, vc_get_task_nid, "vc_get_task_nid()");
    285 }
    286 
    287 static char *
    288 getTag(char *buf, const char *pid_str)
    289 {
    290   return getCtxId(buf, pid_str, vc_get_task_tag, "vc_get_task_tag()");
    291 }
    292 
    293 static char *
    294 getPXid(char UNUSED *buf, char const UNUSED *vserver)
    295 {
    296   // TODO: implement me when available
    297   return 0;
    298 }
    299 
    300 static char *
    301 getInitPid_native(char *buf, xid_t xid)
    302 {
    303   struct vc_vx_info		info;
    304   
    305   if (vc_get_vx_info(xid, &info)==-1) perror("vc_get_vx_info()");
    306   else {
    307     utilvserver_fmt_long(buf, info.initpid);
    308     return buf;
    309   }
    310 
    311   return 0;
    312 }
    313 
    314 #if defined(VC_ENABLE_API_COMPAT) || defined(VC_ENABLE_API_V11)
    315 static int
    316 selectPid(struct dirent const *ent)
    317 {
    318   return atoi(ent->d_name)!=0;
    319 }
    320 
    321 static bool
    322 getInitPid_internal(pid_t pid, xid_t xid, pid_t *res)
    323 {
    324   *res = -1;
    325   
    326   for (;*res==-1;) {
    327     size_t			bufsize = utilvserver_getProcEntryBufsize();
    328     char			buf[bufsize+1];
    329     char			*pos = 0;
    330 
    331     pos = utilvserver_getProcEntry(pid, "\ns_context: ", buf, bufsize);
    332     if (pos==0 && errno==EAGAIN) continue;
    333 
    334     if (pos==0 || (xid_t)atoi(pos)!=xid) return false;
    335 
    336     buf[bufsize] = '\0';
    337     pos          = strstr(buf, "\ninitpid: ");
    338     
    339     if (pos!=0) {
    340       pos       += sizeof("\ninitpid: ")-1;
    341       if (strncmp(pos, "none", 4)==0) *res = -1;
    342       else                            *res = atoi(pos);
    343     }
    344   }
    345 
    346   return true;
    347 }
    348 
    349 static char *
    350 getInitPid_emulated(char *buf, xid_t xid)
    351 {
    352   struct dirent **namelist;
    353   int		n;
    354 
    355   switchToWatchXid(0);	// ignore errors silently...
    356   n = scandir("/proc", &namelist, selectPid, alphasort);
    357   if (n<0) perror("scandir()");
    358   else while (n--) {
    359     pid_t	pid;
    360     if (!getInitPid_internal(atoi(namelist[n]->d_name), xid, &pid)) continue;
    361 
    362     utilvserver_fmt_long(buf, pid);
    363     return buf;
    364   }
    365 
    366   return 0;
    367 }
    368 #else // VC_ENABLE_API_COMPAT
    369 static char *
    370 getInitPid_emulated(char UNUSED *buf, xid_t UNUSED xid)
    371 {
    372   WRITE_MSG(2, "tools were built without compat API, getInitPid() not available\n");
    373   return 0;
    374 }
    375 #endif // VC_ENABLE_API_COMPAT
    376 
    377 static char *
    378 getInitPid(char *buf, xid_t xid)
    379 {
    380   if (vc_isSupported(vcFEATURE_VINFO))
    381     return getInitPid_native(buf, xid);
    382   else
    383     return getInitPid_emulated(buf, xid);
    384 }
    385 
    386 static char *
    387 getInitPidPid(char *buf, char const *vserver)
    388 {
    389   struct vc_vx_info	info;
    390   pid_t			pid = atoi(vserver);
    391   xid_t 		xid = vc_get_task_xid(pid);
    392 
    393   if (xid==VC_NOCTX) perror("vc_get_task_xid()");
    394   else if (vc_get_vx_info(xid, &info)==-1) perror("vc_get_vx_info()");
    395   else {
    396     utilvserver_fmt_long(buf, info.initpid);
    397     return buf;
    398   }
    399 
    400   return 0;
    401 }
    402 
    403 static char *
    404 getUTS(char *buf, xid_t xid, size_t argc, char * argv[])
    405 {
    406   if (argc>0) {
    407     vc_uts_type	type = utsText2Tag(argv[0]);
    408     if (vc_get_vhi_name(xid, type, buf, sizeof(buf)-1)==-1)
    409       perror("vc_get_vhi_name()");
    410     else
    411       return buf;
    412   }
    413   else {
    414     bool		is_passed = false;
    415     char		tmp[128];
    416 #define APPEND_UTS(TYPE)						\
    417     (((vc_get_vhi_name(xid, TYPE, tmp, sizeof(tmp)-1)!=-1) && (strcat(buf, tmp), strcat(buf, " "), is_passed=true)) || \
    418      (strcat(buf, "??? ")))
    419 
    420     if (APPEND_UTS(vcVHI_CONTEXT) &&
    421 	APPEND_UTS(vcVHI_SYSNAME) &&
    422 	APPEND_UTS(vcVHI_NODENAME) &&
    423 	APPEND_UTS(vcVHI_RELEASE) &&
    424 	APPEND_UTS(vcVHI_VERSION) &&
    425 	APPEND_UTS(vcVHI_MACHINE) &&
    426 	APPEND_UTS(vcVHI_DOMAINNAME) &&
    427 	is_passed)
    428       return buf;
    429 
    430     perror("vc_get_vhi_name()");
    431 #undef APPEND_UTS
    432   }
    433 
    434   return 0;
    435 }
    436 
    437 static int
    438 printSysInfo(char *buf)
    439 {
    440   int			fd = open(PKGLIBDIR "/FEATURES.txt", O_RDONLY);
    441   struct utsname	uts;
    442 
    443   if (uname(&uts)==-1)
    444     perror("uname()");
    445   else {
    446     WRITE_MSG(1,
    447 	      "Versions:\n"
    448 	      "                   Kernel: ");
    449     WRITE_STR(1, uts.release);
    450 
    451     WRITE_MSG(1, "\n"
    452 	      "                   VS-API: ");
    453     memset(buf, 0, 128);
    454     if (getAPIVer(buf)) WRITE_STR(1, buf);
    455     else                WRITE_MSG(1, "???");
    456 
    457     WRITE_MSG(1, "\n"
    458 	      "                      VCI: ");
    459     memset(buf, 0, 128);
    460     if (getAPIConfig(buf)) WRITE_STR(1, buf);
    461     else                   WRITE_MSG(1, "???");
    462     
    463     WRITE_MSG(1, "\n"
    464 	      "             util-vserver: " PACKAGE_VERSION "; " __DATE__ ", " __TIME__"\n"
    465 	      "\n");
    466   }
    467 
    468   if (fd==-1)
    469     WRITE_MSG(1, "FEATURES.txt not found\n");
    470   else {
    471     off_t		l  = Elseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
    472     Elseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
    473     {
    474       char		buf[l];
    475       EreadAll(fd, buf, l);
    476       EwriteAll(1, buf, l);
    477     }
    478     Eclose(fd);
    479   }
    480 
    481   return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    482 }
    483 
    484 static char *
    485 getContext(char *buf, char const *vserver, bool allow_only_static)
    486 {
    487   xid_t		xid = vc_getVserverCtx(vserver, vcCFG_AUTO,
    488 				       allow_only_static, 0, vcCTX_XID);
    489   if (xid==VC_NOCTX) return 0;
    490   
    491   utilvserver_fmt_long(buf, xid);
    492   return buf;
    493 }
    494 
    495 static char const *
    496 getXIDType(xid_t xid, int argc, char *argv[])
    497 {
    498   char const *		tp;
    499   
    500   switch (vc_getXIDType(xid)) {
    501     case vcTYPE_INVALID		:  tp = "invalid"; break;
    502     case vcTYPE_MAIN		:  tp = "main";    break;
    503     case vcTYPE_WATCH		:  tp = "watch";   break;
    504     case vcTYPE_STATIC		:  tp = "static";  break;
    505     case vcTYPE_DYNAMIC		:  tp = "dynamic"; break;
    506     default			:  tp = 0;         break;
    507   }
    508 
    509   if (argc==0 || tp==0)
    510     return tp;
    511 
    512   while (argc>0) {
    513     --argc;
    514     if (strcasecmp(argv[argc], tp)==0) return tp;
    515   }
    516 
    517   return 0;
    518 }
    519 
    520 static int
    521 testFeature(int argc, char *argv[])
    522 {
    523   return (argc>0 && vc_isSupportedString(argv[0])) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE;
    524 }
    525 
    526 static bool
    527 str2bool(char const *str)
    528 {
    529   return atoi(str)!=0 || strchr("yYtT", str[0])!=0 || strcasecmp("true", str)==0;
    530 }
    531 
    532 static int
    533 execQuery(char const *vserver, VserverTag tag, int argc, char *argv[])
    534 {
    535   char const *		res = 0;
    536   char 			buf[sizeof(xid_t)*4 + 1024 + strlen(vserver)];
    537 
    538   memset(buf, 0, sizeof buf);
    539   switch (tag) {
    540     case tgNAME		:  res = vc_getVserverName(vserver, vcCFG_AUTO); break;
    541     case tgVDIR		:
    542       res = vc_getVserverVdir(vserver, vcCFG_AUTO, argc>0 && atoi(argv[0]));
    543       break;
    544     case tgCFGDIR	:  res = vc_getVserverCfgDir(vserver, vcCFG_AUTO);     break;
    545     case tgAPPDIR	:
    546       res = vc_getVserverAppDir(vserver, vcCFG_AUTO, argc==0 ? "" : argv[0]);
    547       break;
    548       
    549     case tgRUNNING	: {
    550       signed long		xid;	// type is a small hack, but should be ok...
    551       struct vc_vx_info		info;
    552 	
    553       if (isNumber(vserver, &xid, true) && xid>=0)
    554 	res = (vc_get_vx_info(xid, &info)==-1) ? 0 : "1";
    555       else
    556 	res = (vc_getVserverCtx(vserver, vcCFG_AUTO, false, 0, vcCTX_XID)==VC_NOCTX) ? 0 : "1";
    557       
    558       break;
    559     }
    560 
    561     case tgCANONIFY	:
    562       strcpy(buf, vserver);
    563       if (canonifyVserverName(buf)>0) res = buf;
    564       break;
    565       
    566     case tgCONTEXT	:  res = getContext(buf, vserver,
    567 					    argc==0 || str2bool(argv[0])); break;
    568     case tgINITPID_PID	:  res = getInitPidPid(buf, vserver);  break;
    569     case tgAPIVER	:  res = getAPIVer(buf);               break;
    570     case tgXID		:  res = getXid(buf, vserver);         break;
    571     case tgPXID		:  res = getPXid(buf, vserver);        break;
    572     case tgSYSINFO	:  return printSysInfo(buf);           break;
    573     case tgFEATURE	:  return testFeature(argc,argv);      break;
    574     case tgVERIFYCAP	:  return verifyCap() ? 0 : 1;         break;
    575     case tgVERIFYPROC	:  return verifyProc() ? 0 : 1;        break;
    576     case tgNID		:  res = getNid(buf, vserver);         break;
    577     case tgTAG		:  res = getTag(buf, vserver);         break;
    578 
    579 
    580     default		: {
    581       xid_t		xid = *vserver!='\0' ? vc_xidopt2xid(vserver,true,0) : VC_SAMECTX;
    582 
    583       switch (tag) {
    584 	case tgID	:  res = vc_getVserverByCtx(xid,0,0);  break;
    585 	case tgINITPID	:  res = getInitPid(buf, xid);         break;
    586 	case tgUTS	:  res = getUTS(buf, xid, argc, argv); break;
    587 	case tgXIDTYPE	:  res = getXIDType(xid, argc, argv);  break;
    588     
    589 	default		:  assert(false); abort();  // TODO
    590       }
    591     }
    592   }
    593 
    594   if (res==0) return EXIT_FAILURE;
    595   WRITE_STR(1, res);
    596   WRITE_MSG(1, "\n");
    597   return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    598 }
    599 
    600 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    601 {
    602   bool		quiet = false;
    603   char const *	vserver;
    604   VserverTag	tag;
    605   
    606   while (1) {
    607     int		c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ql", CMDLINE_OPTIONS, 0);
    608     if (c==-1) break;
    609 
    610     switch (c) {
    611       case 'h'		:  showHelp(1, argv[0], 0);
    612       case 'v'		:  showVersion();
    613       case 'l'		:  showTags();
    614       case 'q'		:  quiet = true; break;
    615       default		:
    616 	WRITE_MSG(2, "Try '");
    617 	WRITE_STR(2, argv[0]);
    618 	WRITE_MSG(2, " --help' for more information.\n");
    619 	exit(1);
    620 	break;
    621     }
    622   }
    623 
    624   if (optind+2>argc) {
    625     execQuery("-", tgSYSINFO, 0, 0);
    626     WRITE_MSG(2, "\nAssumed 'SYSINFO' as no other option given; try '--help' for more information.\n");
    627     exit(0);
    628   }
    629 
    630   vserver = argv[optind];
    631   tag     = stringToTag(argv[optind+1]);
    632 
    633   if (tag==tgNONE) {
    634     WRITE_MSG(2, "Unknown tag; use '-l' to get list of valid tags\n");
    635     exit(1);
    636   }
    637 
    638   if (quiet) {
    639     int		fd = Eopen("/dev/null", O_WRONLY, 0644);
    640     Edup2(fd, 1);
    641     Eclose(fd);
    642   }
    643 
    644   return execQuery(vserver, tag, argc-(optind+2), argv+optind+2);
    645 }